Survival is the constant struggle driving all living organisms – every tissue and organ in our bodies continually carries out a myriad of biological processes to keep us alive, growing and healthy. In order to maintain these processes we need regular energy input from food; shelter and clothing to keep our core temparature within a few degrees Celsius; and above all a constant supply of water. Almost all the biochemical reactions within living cells take place in an aqueous solution – without water, life stops. These basic needs are our biggest challenge as we consider the impacts of climate change and exhaustion of natural resources, or the idea of sending humans into hostile environments such as deep space.
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